| Cause | Correction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Worn or loose rocker arms The rocker arm bearing end caps and/or needle bearings should be intact within the rocker arm assembly. | Replace the valve rocker arms, as required. | ||||
| Worn or bent pushrods | 
 
 | ||||
| Stuck valves Carbon buildup on the valve stem can cause the valve not to close properly. | Repair or replace, as required. | ||||
| Excessively worn or mis-aligned timing chain | Replace the timing chain and sprockets, as required. | ||||
| Worn camshaft lobes | Replace the camshaft and valve lifters. | ||||
| Sticking lifters | Replace, as required. |